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KMID : 1172020060070020013
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Journal of Korean Bioethics Association
2006 Volume.7 No. 2 p.13 ~ p.28
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Analysis of gene related metaphors in Korean major newspapers
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Jun Bang-Ook
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Abstract
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Metaphor is a powerful tool to transform technical contents into public terms and influence the public emotionally, which explains its wide use in scientific fields. Although Korean newspapers are not exceptional in applying metaphors to their articles, it is hard to find previous researches dealing with Korean cases. Therefore, this paper analyzes 1,121 metaphors of 445 articles related to "gene" in every five years between 1990 and 2005 screened on the Korean Integrated News Database System to find out historical changes and significant differences in newspapers, categories, writers and interested areas. For this purpose, metaphors too are clustered into positive, popularization and negative ones. First of all, the numbers of gene articles containing metaphors increased from 10 in 1990 to 271 in 2000 and then declined into 124 in 2005. The numbers of metaphors also followed the similar pattern. The sharp rise in 2000 was largely indebted to human genome reports of the year. The results of analysis also show that the percentage of positive metaphors increased whereas that of negative ones decreased. Among others, economic newspapers, entrepreneurs, and biotech industry particularly favored positive metaphors over negative ones. And scientists and medical doctors dominantly use popularization metaphors in order to explain technical contents. Embryo research and genetic manipulation presented even divides between positive and negative metaphors, which reflected heated arguments for and against the subject. Metaphors of embryo research and cloning changed from negative cluster in 2000 to positive one in 2005, reflecting breakthrough achievement during these period. Clustering result of metaphors in Korean newspapers shows cultural uniqueness and much more depends on the other relevant association in the text.
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KEYWORD
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gene, metaphor, biotechnology, Korean newspapers
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